Volume 54, Issue 2 (August 2023)
Table of Contents
Arkansas Review: A Journal of Delta Studies
(formerly Kansas Quarterly)
“I Fed You on Babe’s Milk”: The Absence of the Supernatural in the Lyrics of Skip James
81by Matthew Hoddie
wolf (poetry)
98by Dan Jacoby
Through the Tunnel (Shani) (fiction)
99by Michael Copperman
Barbwire Blackberry (poetry)
108by Aubrey Fannin
Runners (poetry)
110by William Miller
Kiss Me, Honey, and Let’s Go to the Show (fiction)
111Mojie Crigler
Three Poems (poetry)
116 Commando Lyric 2
Commando Lyric 3
The City With Ghosts
by Anne Babson
Wildfowl (fiction)
119by Catherine Grow
Sitting With My Demon in Louisiana (poetry)
128by Hollie Dugas
A Flood (poetry)
129by William Bonfiglio
The Elaine Massacre and Memory: An Informed Polemic on Commemoration and Contestation Regarding the Nature of Atrocity
130by Guy Lancaster
Four Poems (poetry)
140 Tempo
On My Back
Beliefs
Burial
by Chloe Cook
In Memory of a Beautiful Sound (memoir)
142by Jessica Dye
Where The Leaf River Curves Away from Hattiesburg (poetry)
146by JC Alfier
Delta Sources and Resources: In Memoriam
147 “A Stately Progression of Spirits”:
Remembering Carol O’Connor and Grif Stockley
by Guy Lancaster
Reviews
149 Jacks, Po’ Monkey’s: Portrait of a Juke Joint, reviewed by Claude Wilkinson
Williams, Don’t Tell Anybody the Secrets I Told You: A Memoir, reviewed by Bryan L. Moore
Gaspeny, A Postcard from the Delta, reviewed by Khem Aryal
Trotti, The End of Public Execution: Race, Religion, and Punishment in the American South,
reviewed by Guy Lancaster
Goertzen, Rugs, Guitars, and Fiddling: Intensification and the Rich Modern Lives of Traditional Arts, reviewed by Gregory Hansen
Contributors
159Contributors
Khem Aryal is a writer, editor, and a teacher of writ- ing. His fiction has appeared in such journals as The Pinch, Isthmus, Reed, South Carolina Review, and Pangy- rus. His edited collection of stories and essays by au- thors of South Asian descent in the U.S., South to South: Writing South Asia in the American South, has just come out from Texas Review P, and his debut short story collection, The In-Betweeners, will be out in Oc- tober this year from Braddock Avenue Books. His chapbook, His Grandma Blues, was published from Belle Point P last November as part of its Mid-South Prose Series. He is Associate Professor of Creative Writing at Arkansas State University, where he also serves as creative materials editor of Arkansas Review.
Anne Babson is the author of four collections of po- etry, one play, one opera libretto, and multiple indi- vidual works of poetry an fiction that have been published on five continents. She is the president of the Women’s National Book Association of New Or- leans, and she teaches writing and literature at South- eastern Louisiana University.
William Bonfiglio’s poetry has been awarded a Pearl Hogrefe Grant in Creative Writing Recognition Award, the Julia Fonville Smithson Memorial Prize, and has appeared in American Journal of Poetry, New Letters, PRISM international, and elsewhere.
Chloe Cook holds a BA in English from Northern Kentucky University. Her work appears or is forth- coming in Bayou Magazine, Delta Poetry Review, The Journal, Lascaux Review, and elsewhere. She is currently an MFA student at the University of Florida.
Michael Copperman is the author of a memoir of the rural Black public schools of the Delta, Teacher (UPM 2017). This piece is his third to appear in Arkansas Re- view, and along with those chapters and others pub- lished in Boston Review, Copper Nickel, and UNSAID, make up part of his novel-in-stories Sparrow Wings, for which he is currently seeking a publisher.
Mojie Crigler is the author of Get Me Through Tomor- row: A Sister’s Memoir of Brain Injury and Revival (U of Nebraska P, 2015) and co-author of Under the Big Tree: Extraordinary Stories from the Movement to End Neglected Tropical Diseases (Johns Hopkins UP, 2019). Her fic- tion has appeared in Glimmer Train, Hunger Mountain, Los Angeles Review, Brooklyn Rail, and Bona Fide Books’ anthology, Tahoe Blues.
Hollie Dugas lives in New Mexico. Her work has been selected to be included in Barrow Street, Reed Magazine, Crab Creek Review, Qu, Redivider, Porter House Review, Pembroke, Salamander, Poet Lore, Watershed Review, Mud Season Review, Little Patuxent Review, The Louisville Re- view, The Penn Review, Chiron Review, Breakwater Re- view, Phoebe, Broad River Review, Fugue, and Louisiana Literature. Additionally, “A Woman’s Confession #5,162” was selected as the winner of Western Human- ities Review Mountain West Writers’ Contest (2017). Hollie has been nominated for a 2020 Pushcart Prize and for inclusion in Best New Poets 2021. Most re- cently, her poem was selected as winner of the 22nd Annual Lois Cranston Memorial Poetry Prize at CALYX, in addition to, the 2022 Heartwood Poetry Prize. She was also a finalist in the Atlanta Review’s 2022 International Poetry Contest. Currently, she is on the editorial board for Off the Coast.
Jessica Dye is a fifth-generation Arkansan, born and raised in Tumbling Shoals in the foothills of the
Aubrey Fannin lives on a small farm near Huntsville, Alabama, with his wife, daughter, and three well- named cats. He is a winemaker and brewer and enjoys tending his herd of muscadine vines. A graduate of the geography program at the University of North Al- abama, Aubrey has worked as a cartographer, project manager, and IT professional for 28 years. He is a reg- ular contributor of poetry to the (WLRH) Sundial Writers Corner. Aubrey’s first published poem can be found in Poetry South.
Catherine Grow, a former Women’s Studies instruc- tor at Ohio University, is a writer living in rural Con- necticut. Much of her work is inspired by the decade she spent living as a back-to-the-lander in the southern Missouri Ozarks. Her recently published novel, The Evolution of Hallie Jo Everheart: A Novel in Stories (Am- herst, MA: White River P, 2023), draws on that ex- perience. Her work has also appeared in a variety of journals, including Reed Magazine, The Copperfield Re- view, The Christian Science Monitor, and others.
Gregory Hansen is Professor of Folklore and English at Arkansas State University where he also teaches in the Heritage Studies Doctoral Program. He is the au- thor of A Florida Fiddler: The Life and Times of Richard Seaman, and his publications focus on roots music, folklore and language, and public folklore.
Matthew Hoddie is Professor of Political Science at Towson University. Much of his research has focused on the domestic politics of foreign states, with a par- ticular emphasis on ethnic conflict and the resolution of violence. His recent work has appeared in journals such as International Studies Quarterly and Acta Politica.
Dan Jacoby is a graduate of St. Louis University, Chi- cago State University, and Governors State University. He has published poetry in Bombay Gin, Euphony, Red Fez, Arkansas Review and other fine publications. He is a former educator, steel worker, green beret, and counterintelligence agent. He was born in 1947 on the second floor of a cold water flat at 55th and Halsted, Chicago. His work is influenced by the poets John Knoepfle, Al Montesi, Dobby, and John Logan to name a few. He has been nominated in 2015 and 2020 for a Pushcart and Best of the Net in 2021. He is the author of the book Blue Jeaned Buddhists.
Guy Lancaster currently is the editor of the online En- cyclopedia of Arkansas, a project of the Central Arkan- sas Library System, and the author of a number of books on race and violence, including American Atroc- ity: The Types of Violence in Lynching (University of Ar- kansas P, 2021).
William Miller’s eighth collection of poetry, The Crow Flew Between Us, was published by Kelsay Books in 2019. His poems have recently appeared in The Lull- water Review, Apricity, Poetica: The International Maga- zine of Jewish Writing, The Courtship of Winds, and Lowestoft Chronicle. He lives and writes in The French Quarter of New Orleans.
Bryan L. Moore is Assistant Chair of the Department of English, Philosophy, and World Languages; Profes- sor of English at Arkansas State University; and Poetry Editor for Arkansas Review. He is the author of Ecology and Literature: Ecocentric Personification from Antiquity to the Twenty-first Century (2008) and Ecological Litera- ture and the Critique of Anthropocentrism (2017), as well as numerous scholarly articles.
Claude Wilkinson’s articles, essays, and poems have appeared in numerous publications, such as African American Review, Arkansas International, Arkansas Review, Image, Oxford American, Southern Quarterly, and Southern Review, over the years. His most recent poetry collections are Marvelous Light and World without End.
Through the Tunnel (Shani)
by Michael Copperman
We getting on to school through the cool, sun-bright morning on that route we been walked since I started at Blessing-Lower. Out the kitchen door after calling “Good-day!” to Grand- pop who nod to show he heard but not to show he think it actually gone be a good day. Down the long alley of gravel and dirt with the long brown triangle-top fence on one side and the chain-link fence on the other with that waist-high grass coming up out Mrs. Bradley yard where Mr. Bradley don’t mow too close, hiding most of the fat ugly face of that bulldog Yowler who a black shadow behind the grassline growling and gnash- ing he sharp teeth. As we come past they house before we turn I see Mrs. Bradley with she white hair up in curlers staring for to see what the folks doing—she do not like it that Grandpop have his house up in what was once only white folks place and she ain’t never gone like it, always watching us with her blue watery old-folk eyes. Happy to turn right on Percy and then we cross the street so as to walk the side that go downhill and fall into the green-black waters of that bayou, which full of lily pads and swamp grass and cattails and wisps of white mist and held in by low-hanging willows and skunkweed which smell sharp and rotten. We cross the red and white bridge over the bayou and below in the center is the big knot of cypress like a small island out the middle of the big pool where the road turn and I look but ain’t no foxes going nowhere, only a few turtles who slide theyselves into the water trying get away from folks watching them. And then we back along Magnolia past Grayson where Shaya go, and there are them boys in they little pack with they hungry eyes gone slice my pretty sister up, and I wish she wouldn’t go. And that skinny tall boy D who hang with that tall slow ugly troll Piece give a little whistle and say something that
Grandpop is not a man of many words. Of words at all, to tell the truth. He see you and you doing right, he lower he gray-whiskered chin to- ward he chest to mean, ‘Good,’ and he see you cutting up or acting the fool and he tilt he head to the side and he brow furrow and he eyes nar- row and you get to changing what you doing. Which don’t mean he ever whipped me cause I go on and change me up quick, but Shaya got to test he patience if the answer any kind of no. It been like that ever since Grandpop come and got us almost a year ago from that place them white folks had us after the fire after the ques- tions and before that funeral where so many folks carried on with their weeping crying sadness over that black box that had in it what was left of Mama. But Shaya and me didn’t do no crying or carrying on. And I didn’t go near that box cause Shaya been told me the truth, which was that Mama had flown up to heaven with that black smoke from we house all bright with flames until she in heaven while what was left here was all turned to ash and soot, that Mama was borne up by a dozen angels with wings of blue-black silk, rising rising rising like a flight of doves flock of geese hawk turning turning almost out of sight and then gone from what we can see, and that what was left for a box was nothing but what was before she rose. Shaya had already told me how Mama felt no pain but only sadness she had to leave us back here to keep on, how she had come to Shaya before she went and told her for to keep me safe and to know she was watching over us both and love us and to be strong now, not to be sad and carry on. So I pretend for her that I ain’t scared. And so we wasn’t sad there at the funeral and we wasn’t scared even at that place they took us after with other childrens who didn’t have no parents but who stared at us and snickered and whispered. We was almost happy to go when the lady come and say, “Your grandfather is here for you.” We looked at each other and didn’t say noth- ing but we both knowed we wasn’t sure what this gone mean cause this can only be our father grandfather since Mama folks been passed and we ain’t never met him. But still I wasn’t scared
Some nights Shaya don’t want to tell no story, but to talk. She call it ‘sister speak,’ say there some secrets only sisters gone tell each other, but she do not seem to notice that she al- ways the only one speaking. I keep my words care- ful and quiet and most times I don’t see what use it is saying what ain’t gone change nothing. I been like that for a long time, so much so that Shaya used to get on me bout how I shouldn’t creep folks out never saying nothing, but when she saw that hurt my feelings she quit getting after me, and lately she have so much to say she don’t hardly notice I ain’t saying nothing. Shaya, she talk like she think I know what it mean to be her. She talk like I can get in she head and then see the world through she eyes and then take all her troubles and solve them—only I can’t, cause I ain’t her. Cause I ain’t grown. But that don’t stop her from keeping on. Tonight she telling me bout how that boy D trying go with Keysha at Grayson Middle, and how she do not like it. “I tell them boys keep off that little girl, let her be,” she say, her head propped on her fist as she lay by me in my bed, her warmth sweet breath tickling my nose as she talk. “They go on and find her by the ballcourts and I get in front of them and lead that girl off and she fighting me the whole way, saying, ‘Let me be! You ain’t the boss of me!’ And them boys cursing me saying “Get out of here girl, who you
Sometime I talk to mama in my own head. Not saying no words to nobody but myself and her up in Heaven. Not expecting no answers and not getting none. My mama who in heaven. Letting them words go like a prayer from my heart to hers. Mama, since you been left it has been hard to know what to do. Letting them words rise up. Mama, I know I supposed to trust Jesus but he has not been taking much interest lately. Trying tell some- body the truth. Mama, I scared for Shaya cause she wild. And she try to be you, try to tell me the stories to lead to dreams. She say the name Farique the Fox and she have him write the words on the glass but she just repeating them stories you would tell, pretending there still a tunnel here when the tunnel that you told of was the tree back in the yard of our home that gone where
I try to talk to Grandpop one day, not like Shaya do, but to show him I get him. I find him where he usually is in the easy chair by the tv set with the tv on but the volume off, reading that newspaper through and through. I sit on the couch with my book which an A-Z Mystery bout kids can solve they problems whatever they is and he stop and look at me, brow tightening, but I lift up my book. I read a while and then say, “This sure is a good book!” His eyebrows raise and I can tell he thinking, ‘This child is dumb as some bricks and can’t see I don’t want to be left alone,’ and so I go back to reading. Except I already finished it and know what gone happen and so soon I watching him again. His eyebrows white and thick like a Koala bear. His nose long and sharp, and he so thin he like a stork or pelican all long awkward angles. Except when he reading his face relax and he just lost in the story. And then his eyes meet mine where I staring over the top of that book and I duck. Keep on like that for a while. And then he let his paper down to his knee and just looks at me, and clears his throat like he gone speak. He tilt his head with a question. I know what it is, and I don’t want to make him talk, so I answer and the words come and come: “I’m sorry, I know you wants to read, sir. Grandpop sir. That you wondering why I come to sit here when there a whole house you let us live in when you just want to be by yourself. And sometimes I want to be by myself, too. So I had just wanted to tell you that I know that how you is here, in your house. In your life where it just you, and you ain’t got your wife my granddmom who I ain’t never knowed or your son who ain’t here. And so you don’t want to talk about that. But you was kind and good enough to take in me and Shaya. And so I hope you know that Shaya don’t mean nothing by her cutting up talking back not letting you be. I not trying to not let you be right now, I just wanted you to know I know how you feel. I just wanted you to know that Shaya not so bad a sister. That we all each other got, which ain’t the same as not having nothing I know, but we misses mama and even if you did- n’t like her none she was our mama. And now we here, with you, and maybe you didn’t never ask for us but you let us under this roof. And so I want you to know we do appreciate you.” As I talking I hearing my words and know I saying too much. And Grandpop just looking at me with he sad steady eyes and I can see he think- ing, ‘Wish this girl would go back to how she usually stay silent.’ And so I finish and I shut my book and I walk off fast, before I have to see in his eyes that now he have a another big-mouth trying make his life harder. I walk wishing I hadn’t tried to say nothing to the only person in
I wake to sounds of stirring and crushing and muttering, then to a tap tap tap at the win- dow. My eyes open sudden to the room almost black but for the small rectangle of light from the crack under the door from the nightlight in the hall. I look over and there Shaya is, sitting up watching me from her bed by the window, she eyes bright with excitement. I hadn’t meant to fall asleep at all in the late afternoon but I laid down on the bed after Shaya wasn’t talking to me at all, cause she was all work up over some sort of fight or something that got her a split lip that she wouldn’t talk bout at all. The tapping come again, and she turn and go up to that glass and put her face close with a finger to she lips to hush who there and I think- ing almost that I’m gone see Farique the Fox with he steady brown eyes he long whiskers he cursive kind writing scratching truth to the window glass. But I know what I know, too, and so I ain’t sur- prised when there the burning blinding light while Shaya squeal a little cause it hurt when you been in the dark, and then with the ghost-flare still there in my eye I see the shadow of a long devil face with white white teeth that also a boy face with a glittering that I see finally is flashlight off fake diamond earrings and I know the face, know the boy is that boy D. Know the noise I hearing is other feet of other boys on gravel in the dark, the sound of they whispers through glass; hear a low loud laugh that belong to that grown boy Piece. They whole pack there, come for my sister in the night, and ain’t nothing I can do to stop her. Shaya look at me with she eyes bright, and then she stand and I see she wearing clothes in she bed, them jean-shorts that her favorite with them sequin-flowers down the front and she got on some lip-gloss and eye-makeup in a purple color I ain’t never seen before. And so I know she knowed they was coming, know she going with them into the dark. Into the flames. She don’t meet my eyes, just stand and start for the door and say, “I’ll be back, Shani. You go on and sleep.” And I know there’s nothing I can change, so I don’t say what I thinking, which is ‘Don’t do nothing I wouldn’t do.’ Cause that include going at all. And she to the door of we room, the floor- boards going creak-creak, and then I hear the creak-crack of her going up the stairs. Hear the boy’s voices calling glad and wild, their ugly laughter out in the dark. Hear that front door lock click open, and then I hear her silver voice out the window and the boys singing out, and I press my face up to the glass but the window only at the ground and all I can see is boy’s shoes high- tops black white red brown and there the flash of Shaya’s baby-blue Converses. And then sud- denly I hear a thud-thud in the front room and then a crunch in the gravel out the window and I see the black, shiny shoe and thin knobby sock- less ankle and suddenly everybody go silent. Go silent and then I hear a voice I ain’t ever, a loud low rumble commanding the boy-beasts: “You boys best get on.” And I afraid for a moment of what they gone try do to him or what she gone say, and there the sound of feet everywhere and then Yowler start in growling and yapping out the far fence and then Yowler stop, and I hear slow steps on gravel and then nothing but silence, too empty and full, and I can’t help it, I have to know. I race up the stairwell to the top. And there Grandpop is in the frame of the open front door, him in his shorts and that white-undershirt like how he clean on Sundays, his head and body all bent into one tired curve like he praying. In one hand he have him a rifle with a long metal barrel, but it look less like danger than defeat. He have his other hand on his own elbow like he holding his- self together. His lips moving like he saying a prayer to hisself, and it seem like the moment